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The conference ‘Opium Wars – Opium Cultures’ is to explore the two Opium Wars (1839-42; 1856-60) in their 19th-century contexts, particularly with regard to the fraught intersection of capitalism and imperialism, and it is to extend this view by an interdisciplinary, intercultural and transnational approach in order to take into account the very different historiographies of the events from a British, Chinese and Indian perspective.